Daniel 9 is one of the most difficult and controversial chapters in the book…in fact, in the Bible. There are 4 primary interpretations that are generally accepted about the seventy weeks. Time and space only allow me to comment on the one I believe to be accurate; however, as I stated before, Miller’s commentary in the New American Commentary Series is very helpful. Also, I will be teaching on this subject in more detail in the coming semester of “Foundations,” so, if you have interest…sign up.
The chapter opens with events from 538 BC, the first year of Darius the Mede. He is more than 80 years old and it has been 12 years since the vision of ch 8.
In reviewing Scripture, Daniel came to understand that the time of the Jews captivity in Babylon was coming to an end (based on the prophesy in Jeremiah.) [NOTE: Scholars and historians assert that the prophesy in Jeremiah was amazingly accurate to historical events as they actually transpired. As such, some even asserted that Jeremiah's prophesy had to be written after the fact and back dated to look like it was prophesy.]
Daniel’s revelation caused him to enter into a time of prayer, fasting, and repentance before the Lord (vv.7-19). In that time, he praises God for His goodness, confesses his personal and the people’s corporate sins, and begs God for relief.
vv.20-23 are AMAZING. WHile Daniel was still praying, Gabriel is sent to deliver an answer. In fact, Gabriel notes that at the beginning of Daniel’s supplication (even before he finished praying) the answer was dispatched.
NOTE: For those who think that the answer to prayer relies on the perfection of the prayer or the person praying, this verse is troublesome. God looked on the heart of Daniel and his commitment to seeking answers…as well as his repentance for personal and corporate sins…and sent the answer immediately. THis should remind us that we do not inform God with our prayers…but we do demonstrate our trust in Him and allow Him to conform our hearts to His will in praying.
In vv.24-27 we see the vision of the 70 weeks. Actually, the weeks are broken up into three groups which is essential to understand in the prophesy is to be correctly interpreted. The first 7 weeks (sevens) or 49 years begins around 458 BC (decree from Artaxerxes to Ezra to rebuild and reestablish temple worship in Jerusalem. The second period (62 weeks (sevens) or 434 years follows immediately after and takes us through to around 26 AD (the time of Jesus anointing at His baptism and start of His public ministry. The final week (seven years) has yet to occur, so a “GAP” of time exists between the Messiah being “cut off” (v.26) and the end of the seventh week (when the Messiah will return and destroy wickedness). During this last week, it is generally accepted that this is a time of tribulation (v.27), where the “little horn” will rise to power, make a firm covenant with Daniel’s (God’s) people (i.e. the Jews) for the seven years. Mid-way through this period, the little horn (antichrist) will break his covenant (v.27) and stop the worship system in the Temple and pour out great destruction until the people are left desolate for the last 3 1/2 years.
NOTE: This is according to God’s plan and purpose and serves to bring to conclusion the period of judgment and to turn the hearts of God’s people (the Jews and those who become believers during this period) toward Him. All of this ends with the Messiah coming again to destroy the antichrist (Dan 8:25) and establish His Kingdom on earth (millennial kingdom).
NOTE: I know I sped through this. Intentionally. Believe me…this is far more impressive if I can walk you through all of the reasons why this is an accurate understanding of the text and not just one of many valid opinions. However, as stated previously…you have to come to the “long course” to get the details.
APPLICATION: As we walk away…we must remember: (1) God is Sovereign. He has given us great confidence in His power and control over all things. (2) God is a revealer. Daniel observed a word of encouragement in studying the Scriptures. He found insights into God’s timeline from Jeremiah by studying God’s Word. (3) God is compassionate and merciful and just. Daniel’s prayer reminds us of who God is and who we are; thus, our desperate need for Him! (4) God is faithful. He is faithful to Himself, His Word, and His people. When we pray, He sees and hears and answers…even before we get the words out…if we are sincere and repentant in our prayer.
Proverbs 25:28 is the takeaway today. “Like a city that is broken into and without walls is a man who has no control over his spirit.” PARAPHRASED: “A man lacking self-control is rightly dishonored…for he is not worthy of honor without discipline.